Over the past few decades, there has been a decline in cancers attributable to environmental and occupational carcinogens of asbestos, arsenic, and indoor and outdoor air pollutants in high-income countries. For developing countries, however, these exposures are likely to increase as industrialization expands and populations grow ^[1].

Among the industry sectors, workers may be significantly exposed to various known or suspected carcinogenic compounds from construction and manufacturing materials such as: persistent organic pollutants (POPs) including flame retardants, crystalline silica, asbestos, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), BTEX compounds (Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene, and Xylene), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), bitumen fume, coal tar, and heavy metals^[2]. This may cause adverse affects to the worker’s health, especially carcinogenic risk during long term exposure at workplace. Therefore, strategies for mitigating and controlling occupational exposure to these chemical carcinogens are urgently needed.